PROTAMINE (Protamine sulphate)

PROTAMINE (Protamine sulphate)

CLASSIFICATION

� Heparin antagonist.

MODE OF ACTION

Protamine is a heparin neutraliser, and occurs within 5 minutes after I.V. administration.

It is a basic protein, which combines with acidic heparin to form an inactive, stable complex.

INDICATIONS

� Restoration of normal coagulation time in patients receiving heparin. � Treatment of Heparin due to overdose.

CONTRA INDICATIONS

� Known hypersensitivity to Protamine.

PRECAUTIONS

� Protamine must be given slowly to reduce circulatory effects. � No more than 50 mg of Protamine should be given in any 10 minute period. � If used in excess, Protamine has an anticoagulant action.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

� Sudden hypotension. � Bradycardia. � Dyspnoea. � Transitory flushing, feeling of warmth.

PRESENTATION

Protamine Sulphate: 100 mg in 10 ml ampoules.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Dosage is governed by the amount of heparin that has to be neutralised. 1 mg of Protamine neutralises 110 units of mucous heparin. Ideally, the dosage of Protamine should be controlled by measurements of the patients coagulation time. The dose should be given slowly over 10 minutes. Protamine is intended for injection without further dilution. However if further dilution is desired, 5 % Dextrose or Sodium Chloride 0.9 % is used.